Aes Sedai aren't outlawed in Tear, but channeling is, as are all things related to the power, and the Dragon. Their society is hostile to the point that the First of Mayene's Aes Sedai advisor is a complete secret. Julian Sandar himself admits that he isn't overly fond of Aes Sedai in the beginning.

And the ex Sul'dam do have a choice. There is no evidence that they will be collared if they return to the Seanchan power. In fact, they joined up with Mat while serving in a Seanchan occupied city after taking up their duties to the Empress once more. It is possible that they might be assassinated for what they represent and the questions that it would rise in Seanchan society. But then, if the ambitious, cruel and heartless Dark Friend who was in command of Ebou Dar and the Return didn't have them executed then it is unlikely that anyone else would either. After all, they haven't actually channeled, they've just been proven to be able to learn. They are still Sul'Dam and up till KoD were unable to so much as find the source. They hadn't started channeling anymore than any other Sul'Dam.

As for their options. They could, as was suggested, leave Seanchan controlled territory. Go live in Caemlyn, or Tear, or Carhein. Somewhere that the Seanchan don't have any sway yet. They could find new lives. Take up farming or keeping a inn. Lives that have nothing to do what-so-ever with channeling. What do they do? Join the White Tower and learn to channel.

The white cloaks are a society that exists to fight Dark Friends. They exist to, in their minds, balance out the dark. They aren't there to fight Aes Sedai. They oppose the tower, especially under some of the more fanatical and insane leadership of the likes of Eamon Valda. But their enemy is the Shadow. As is PROVEN by the fact that they are willing to side with the Tower. They do not like Aes Sedai, they don't trust Aes Sedai. And some absolutely hate Aes Sedai(The leader of the questioners).

You'll notice that there aren't ANY female Whitecloaks. Not a one. Which is strange in a world where both men and woman can be soldiers, and have about equal rights in society. You would think that there would be at least a few women in the ranks of the Children. But no. They are there as a masculine balance to the White Tower(They probably outnumber the tower by about 20 to 1). Now with the return of male Channelers, their function in the world has been subsumed.

This is proven by Galad. His sister is Aes Sedai and his mother is tower trained. He hates neither of them, despite their abilities. And despite his relationship and ties to the white tower, he has been chosen as the lord captain commander. He distrusts the tower yes, but then it is a manipulative foreign power that he feels oversteps its bounds.

Yes, a lot of dragonsworn are ruffians. But a lot of them are also good people. Take Uno and the Shenarians. Davram Bashere. The Legion of the Dragon. The Asha'Man. All of these are Dragonsworn. The legion is comprised entirely of men who were willing to not only come serve the Dragon Reborn, but also learn to channel. Ten or twenty thousand men who were willing to go against convention and everything they feared and had been taught for the last three thousand years, to willingly face madness and death.

Keep in mind, some fifty or so Asha'Man came from the two-rivers. An area whose negative feelings towards channeling are well documented. This is not only men channeling, but women too. Fear and distrust at best. Hatred and terror at worst. But hey look at that, they changed. Even the nastiest of the Two Rivers folk accepted female channelers in the end, and dozens of each sex went off to learn to channel themselves.